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The term apostle is derived from the New Testament Greek word ἀπόστολος or apostolos, meaning one who is sent forth as a messenger and should not be confused with a disciple (who is a follower or a student who learns from a "teacher").  Traditionally, Jesus is said to have had Twelve Apostles who spread the Gospel after his Crucifixion.

1.  Peter: Renamed by Jesus to Peter (meaning rock), his original name was Simon bar Jonah;[Mk 3:16] was a fisherman from the Bethsaida "of Galilee"[Jn 1:44], cf. Jn 12:21. Also known as Simon bar Jochanan (Aram.), Cephas (Aram.), and Simon Peter.

 

2.  Andrew: The brother of Simon/Peter, a Bethsaida fisherman, and a former disciple of John the Baptist.

 

3.  James, son of Zebedee: The brother of John.

 

4.  John: The brother of James. Jesus named both of them Bo-aner'ges, which means "sons of thunder'.'"[Mk 3:17]

 

5.  Philip: From the Bethsaida of Galilee[Jn 1:44][12:21]

 

6.  Bartholomew, son of Talemai; usually identified with Nathanael, who is mentioned in Jn 1:45-51.

 

7.  Matthew: The tax collector. The similarity between Mt 9:9-10, Mk 2:14-15 and Lu 5:27-29 may indicate that Matthew was also known as Levi.

 

8.  Thomas:Judas Thomas Didymus - Aramaic T'oma' = twin, and Greek Didymos = twin. Doubting Thomas.

 

9.  James, son of Alphaeus: Generally identified with "James the Less", and also identified by Roman Catholics with "James the Just"

 

10.Thaddeus: In some manuscripts of Matthew, the name "Lebbaeus" occurs in this place. Thaddeus is traditionally identified with Jude.

 

11. Simon the Zealot: Some have identified him with Simeon of Jerusalem.

 

12. Judas Iscariot: The disciple who later betrayed Jesus.[Mk 3:19] The name Iscariot may refer to the Judaean towns of Kerioth or to the sicarii (Jewish nationalist insurrectionists), or to Issachar. Also referred to as "Judas, the son of Simon."[Jn 6:71][13:26] He was replaced by Matthias as an apostle shortly after Jesus' resurrection.

 

 

Paul of Tarsus (Also known as Saul) also claimed the title of Apostle to the Gentiles, even though other apostles actively recruited Gentiles and Peter's role was never restricted to just Apostle to the Jews. 

     Thirteen epistles (letters) in the New Testament are attributed to Paul despite his conversion coming later than the other Apostles.  Prior to his conversion he was actively involved in the persecution of the early disciples of Jesus.

 

Deaths of the apostles According to Christian tradition:

Original Twelve picked by Jesus:

    Peter, crucified upside-down in Rome c. AD 64.  (Despite the upside down cross having connections with the Occult, the pope chooses to use this symbol on one of his thrones, supposedly in honour of Saint Peter.)

    At St.Peter's Cathedral in Rome, there is supposedly a statue of Peter enthroned. (Notice the sun wheel above his head?) This statue is thought by some to actually be a pagan statue of Jupiter, removed from the Pantheon in Rome (a pagan temple), moved into St. Peter's and renamed Peter. Sadly, the extended right foot has been nearly worn away from the many pilgrims who kiss it in homage.  One can only wonder what goes on in the heads of the people who feel the need to do things like this - as if kissing a piece of metal will bring them good fortune or whatever......  It's no wonder the catholics had to remove the second commandment in God's Law - Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image.


    http://www.aloha.net/~mikesch/wheel.htm

    James, son of Zebedee was beheaded in AD 44, first of the twelve to die (since the addition of Matthias)

    John, son of Zebedee, no biblical record of death, he is believed to have died of natural causes due to old age.

    Andrew, Peter's brother, was crucified upon a diagonal or X-shaped cross.

    Philipwas crucified in AD 54.

    Bartholomew (also known as Nathaniel) was flayed alive (skinned) and then beheaded; some sources locate his death at Derbend on the Caspian Sea.

     

    Matthewkilled by a halberd in AD 60.

     

    Thomas was killed by a spear in Mylapore, Madras, India in AD 72.

     

    James, son of Alphaeus, beaten to death with a club after being crucified and stoned.

     

    Jude was crucified.

     

    Simon the Zealot was crucified in AD 74.

     

    Judas Iscariot, according to Matthew, hanged himself after betraying Jesus. In Acts, he is described as falling in a field and bursting open.

     

    Replacement for Judas Iscariot picked by the surviving eleven:

      Matthias, Judas' replacement, was stoned and beheaded.

       

      Neither the Bible nor other history says how or when Paul (Saul of Tarsus) died, but according to Christian tradition, he was beheaded in Rome during the reign of Nero around the mid-60s at Tre Fontane Abbey (English: Three Fountains Abbey).[  Although tradition has Peter being crucified upside-down, Paul's Roman citizenship accorded him the more merciful death by beheading